The Sudan Dilemma
Sudan was once one of the largest geographically diverse country in African continent, split into two states in July 2011 when the people of south voted for their independence. Politics in Sudan is of a presidential representative democratic which refers that the ruler is elected by indirect elections. The head of the government is the president and commander in chief is the head of army. It has a bicameral National legislature and the judiciary is independent. But the civil war and genocide refers it to be a totalitarian state where elective power was held by President. However, Sudan is a suffering from a transition democracy when former leader Omar al-Bashir was overthrown by Sudanese coup d’état in April 2019, in that time of spin he was replaced by Transitional Military council due to several months of street protest against him.
The 3rd June Khartoum massacre brought the TMC and Force of Freedom and Change (FFC) alliance to agree on 5th July 2019 to a 39-month transition process to reverse the army rule to democracy, including creation of democratic institutions i.e Judiciary, Executive and legislative and procedures.
Sudan has a define territory of 1,886,068 square kilometers, making it the third-largest country in Africa and as well as in Arab world. Sudan has an estimated population of 43 million (2018). As per the current Gross Domestic Product is concerned the Sudan is a poor state with a GDP of -7.2% (2020e), including an inflation of 81.3% (2020). It is one of the poorest states in the world.
In human rights violation, Sudan’s record is widely condemned. To add on, many human rights organizations have document various abuses and atrocities carried out by the Sudanese government under several years of rule by Omar al-Bashir. The 2009, human rights report by the US department of State bring up serious concern over the human rights being violated in Sudan by the government and militia groups. Such as capital punishment including crucifixion, is used as the punishment of various crimes.
The United Nation High Commissioner for Human Rights to open a UN Human Rights office and field offices its various districts such as Darfur, Blue Nile, Southern Kordofan and East Sudan, in September 2019. During the transition process of Sudanese democracy, in July 2020, Justice Minister Nasredeen Abdulbari said that “all the laws violating the human rights in Sudan” were to be abolished and due to this reason, the parliament passed various new laws in April 2020 in this concern.
Sudan is the worst nation for maintaining its security. Child soldier, whom are brainwashed by the rebel groups and used for insurgencies in the state. Several adults and children were imprisoned after the justice and equality movement, attacked the Khartoum in May 2008. The prisoners were abused and tortured, found by the various released prisoners interviewed by the Human Rights Watch. In 2020, flogging as a form of punishment was abandoned.
In my opinion, Sudan is a type of states in which human life doesn’t have any value. As per the documents which states wars, inflation, human rights violation and pseudo democracy, I will say that this state simply does not protect the security of its people.